Revision of Ukrainian Lichenoconium specimens is provided. This genus is characterized by immersed to semiimmersed black globose conidiomata, phialidic hyaline conidiogenous cells and olive to brown simple conidia. Seven species of the genus are reported from the territory of Ukraine. These are L. aeruginosum, L. erodens, L. lecanorae, L. lichenicola, L. pyxidatae, L. usneae and L. xanthoriae. These species were found on thalli and apothecia of 18 different genera of lichens. Lichenoconium aeruginosum, L. lichenicola and L. pyxidatae have clear host specificity and grow only on one host genus. Other four species do not have host specificity. Lichenoconium erodens and L. lecanorae are widespread in Ukraine. Lichenoconium usneae is reported for the first time from the steppe zone of Ukraine. Seirophora lacunosa is a new host species of L. usneae. New localities of L. lichenicola and discussion about older dubious records are presented. Investigated Licheniconium species has parasitic life-strategy and affected the lichens that have mechanical damage or those weakened by other lichenicolous fungi. Lichenoconium pyxidatae and Didymocyrtis cladoniicola play an important role in regulating the populations of Cladonia foliacea in the Lower Dnipro sands. This phenomenon is known as "phomosis of Cladonia". Description, host lichens species, data about distribution in Ukraine, examined specimens and notes are provided for each species. An original identification key for Ukrainian species of Lichenoconium is given.

Keywords: host specificity, lichenicolous fungi, parasitic life-strategy

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