A new species for the flora of highlands of the Ukrainian Carpathians, Carex dioica L. (Cyperaceae Juss.), is reported from the Svydovets Massif (Transcarpathian Region). The phytocoenotic and population peculiarities of the species are presented. It was established that communities with C. dioica belong to Caricetum nigrae Braun 1915 Association and Scheuchzerio palustris-Caricetea nigrae Tüxen 1937 Class. The population is characterized by particular spatial, age and sexual structure and is represented exclusively by male individuals. This reflects the highest level of adaptation to extreme (highland) environmental conditions and anthropogenic influence.

Keywords: Carex dioica, rare species, new habitat, coenology, population, conservation, Carpathians

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